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Anders Behring Breivik
Anders Behring Breivik ((:ˈɑnːəʂ ˈbeːrɪŋ ˈbrɛiviːk);〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Breivik pronouncing his own name )〕 born 13 February 1979) is a Norwegian far-right terrorist and the perpetrator of the 2011 Norway attacks. On 22 July 2011, he killed eight people by setting off a van bomb amid the Government quarter Regjeringskvartalet in Oslo, then shot dead 69 participants of a Workers' Youth League (AUF) summer camp on the island of Utøya.〔 In August 2012, he was convicted of mass murder, causing a fatal explosion, and terrorism.〔The (verdict ) convicts Breivik for violations of the criminal code §147 (terrorism), §148 (fatal explosion), and §233 (murder).〕
On the day of the attacks, Breivik electronically distributed a compendium of texts entitled ''2083: A European Declaration of Independence'', describing his far-right militant ideology.〔 In them, he lays out a worldview encompassing Islamophobia and opposition to feminism.〔Jones, Jane Clare. (''Anders Breivik's chilling anti-feminism'' ), ''The Guardian'', 27 July 2011.〕〔Goldberg, Michelle. (''Norway Killer's Hatred of Women'' ), The Daily Beast, 24 July 2011.〕 The texts call Islam and Cultural Marxism the enemy, argue for the violent annihilation of Eurabia and multiculturalism and advocate deportation of all Muslims from Europe based on the model of the Beneš decrees. Breivik wrote that his main motive for the atrocities was to market his manifesto. Breivik has later identified himself as a fascist〔("Mass killer Breivik says wants to create fascist party" ). ''Reuters''. 5 September 2014.〕 and a national socialist, stating that he previously exploited counterjihadist rhetoric in order to protect "ethno-nationalists". He also states that he has never personally identified as a Christian, and calls his religion Odinism.〔
Two teams of court-appointed forensic psychiatrists examined Breivik before his trial. The first report diagnosed Breivik as having paranoid schizophrenia. A second psychiatric evaluation was commissioned following widespread criticism of the first. The second evaluation was published a week before the trial; it concluded that Breivik was not psychotic during the attacks nor during the evaluation. He was instead diagnosed as having narcissistic personality disorder. His trial began on 16 April 2012, with closing arguments made on 22 June 2012.
On 24 August 2012, the Oslo District Court issued findings that Breivik was sane, and guilty of murdering 77 people. He was sentenced to 21 years in prison, in a form of preventive detention that required a minimum of 10 years incarceration and the possibility of an extension of that incarceration for as long as he is deemed a danger to society. This is the maximum penalty in Norway; he will likely remain in prison for the remainder of his life.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=En modig dom )〕 Breivik announced that he did not recognize the legitimacy of the court, and therefore did not accept its decision; he claims he "cannot" appeal because this would legitimize the authority of the Oslo District Court.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Lippestad: – Breivik bekrefter at han ikke anker )〕
==Biography==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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